Primary carcinoid tumor arising within mature teratoma of the kidney: report of a rare entity and review of the literature

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of primary carcinoid tumor arising within mature teratoma of the kidney

Source, Year	Age, year	Sex	Clinical Presentation	Radiographic Features of Renal Mass*	Association with Horseshoe Kidney
Kojiro et al, 1976 [2]	40	Male	Epigastric pain, nausea, no carcinoid syndrome	IV&RP: Marked dilatation of left renal pelvis	No
Fetissof et al, 1984 [3]	65	Male	Fever, no carcinoid syndrome	IVU: Displaced left kidney and non-visualized right kidney	Yes
Lodding et al, 1997 [1]	23	Male	Abdominal pain, no carcinoid syndrome	CT: Calcification in horseshoe kidney	Yes
Yoo et al, 2002 [4]	30	Female	Abdominal pain, no carcinoid syndrome	CT: Dense calcification with minimal contrast enhancement	No
Kim et al, 2004 [5]	39	Female	Asymptomatic, incidental renal mass, no carcinoid syndrome	CT: Relatively well demarcated and incompletely marginated by a thin hypodense rim with globular calcifications	No
Kurzer et al, 2005 [6]	58	Female	Asymptomatic, incidental renal mass, no carcinoid syndrome	CT: Round, smooth, and well marginated, with two solid clumps of calcifications (Bosniak III lesion)	No
Current case	35	Female	Right flank pain, right costovertebral angle tenderness, no carcinoid syndrome	CT: Exophytic, round, well-circumscribed mildly complex hypodense with globular calcifications (Bosniak II lesion) RU&KUB: Incomplete filling of upper pole infundibulum	No

*IV&RP, intravenous and retrograde pyelograms; IVU, intravenous urogram; CT, computerized tomography; RU&KUB, retrograde urogram and kidney-ureter-bladder plain x-ray