Table 3 Relation between clinico-pathological parameters and immunohistochemistry of E-cadherin, β-cadherin, and S100A4 at invasive margin in colorectal cancers (n = 305)

Preoperative CEA (ng/ml)

7.0 ± 22.5

6.5 ± 12.4

0.811

6.5 ± 19.8

8.4 ± 18.3

0.573

5.3 ± 13.1

12.5 ± 35.7

0.014

MSI status (n = 166)

0.167

0.004

0.386

 MSI-H (n = 8)

3(37.2)

5(62.5)

8(100.0)

0(0.0)

7(87.5)

1(12.5)

 MSI-L (n = 6)

3(50.0)

3(50.0)

4(66.7)

2(33.3)

5(83.3)

1(16.7)

 MSS (n = 135)

91(67.4)

44(32.6)

107(81.1)

25(18.9)

107(80.5)

26(19.5)

Tumor Location

0.455

0.037

0.704

 Right (n = 66)

48(72.7)

18(27.3)

*6.5 ± 18.7

60(87.0)

9(13.0)

 Left (n = 236)

158(66.9)

78(33.1)

*12.2 ± 22.7

194(84.0)

37(16.0)

Tumor Budding

0.011

0.799

0.480

 Low (<10) (n = 263)

188(70.9)

77(29.1)

230(87.1)

34(12.9)

224(85.2)

39(14.8)

 High (≥ 10) (n = 40)

20(50.0)

20(50.0)

37(90.2)

4(9.8)

32(80.0)

8(20.0)

Macroscopic Tumor Type

0.616

0.909

0.038

 Polypoid (n = 21)

17(77.3)

5(22.7)

18(85.7)

3(14.3)

21(100.0)

0(0.0)

 Ulcerofungating (n = 160)

109(66.9)

54(33.1)

143(88.3)

19(11.7)

138(86.3)

22(13.8)

 Ulceroinfiltrative (n = 122)

82(68.3)

38(31.7

106(86.9)

16(13.1)

97(79.5)

25(20.5)

Tumor Grade

0.735

0.817

0.577

 Well (n = 73)

53(72.6)

20(27.4)

64(86.5)

10(13.5)

60(82.2)

13(17.8)

 Moderate or Poor (n = 227)

151(66.5)

73(34.0)

196(87.5)

28(12.5)

191(85.3)

33(14.7)

Ratio of Metastatic Lymph Node

0.11 ± 0.19

0.13 ± 0.21

0.567

0.12 ± 0.20

0.09 ± 0.19

0.317

0.11 ± 0.19

0.18 ± 0.23

0.019

Nodal Stages

0.567

0.288

0.002

 N0 (n = 178)

128(70.3)

54(29.7)

155(85.2)

27(14.8)

161(90.4)

17(9.6)

 N1 (n = 77)

49(63.6)

28(36.4)

69(92.0)

6(8.0)

57(74.0)

20(26.0)

 N2 (n = 48)

31(67.4)

15(32.6)

43(89.6)

5(10.4)

38(79.2)

10(20.8)

Depth of Invasion

0.513

1.000

0.010

 T1, T2 (n = 50)

38(73.1)

14(26.9)

44(88.0)

6(12.0)

48(96.0)

2(4.0)

 T3, T4 (n = 253)

170(67.2)

83(32.8)

223(87.5)

32(12.5)

208(82.2)

45(17.8)

AJCC stage

0.272

0.669

0.001

 I (n = 39)

27(67.5)

13(32.5)

35(87.5)

5(12.5)

37(94.9)

2(5.1)

 II (n = 133)

96(71.1)

39(28.9)

114(85.1)

20(14.9)

119(89.5)

14(10.5)

 III (n = 110)

74(68.5)

34(31.5)

97(89.8)

11(10.2)

81(73.6)

29(26.4)

 IV (n = 21)

11(50.0)

11(50.0)

21(91.3)

2(8.7)

19(90.5)

2(9.5)

Lymphovascular Invasion

0.891

0.341

0.050

 Negative

150(68.5)

69(31.5)

195(88.6)

25(11.4)

189(87.1)

28(12.9)

 Positive

57(67.1)

28(32.9)

72(84.7)

13(15.3)

66(77.6)

19(22.4)

Neural Invasion

0.037

0.507

0.050

 Negative

196(69.8)

85(30.2)

248(87.9)

34(12.1)

240(85.7)

40(14.3)

 Positive

11(47.8)

12(52.2)

19(82.6)

4(17.4)

15(68.2)

7(31.8)

Lymphocyte infiltration

0.325

0.821

< 0.0001

 Mild

70(72.9)

26(27.1)

88(88.9)

11(11.1)

70(71.4)

28(28.6)

 Moderate

108(67.1)

53(32.9)

138(86.3)

22(13.8)

144(89.4)

17(10.6)

 Severe

26(60.5)

17(39.5)

36(87.8)

5(12.2)

38(95.0)

2(5.0)

Type of Tumor Growth

0.159

1.000

0.044

 Expanding

79(73.1)

29(26.9)

93(87.7)

13(12.3)

96(90.6)

10(9.4)

 Infiltrative

125(65.1)

67(34.9)

168(87.0)

25(13.0)

156(81.3)

36(18.8)