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Table 3 Demographics, clinical and tumor characteristics, treatment modalities associated with overall survival by Cox univariate analysis in 87 patients

From: Factors associated with the survival of prostate cancer patients with rectal involvement

 

n (%) or mean ± SD

Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)

p value

Age

72.04 ± 8.427

1.044(0.998-1.093)

0.063

Grouped by age

   

<73

37(44.58%)

1

 

≥73

46(55.42%)

1.521(0.696-3.326)

0.293

Race

   

Non-Asian

24(27.59%)

1

 

Asian

63(72.41%)

0.291(0.140-0.606)

0.001

Clinical symptoms

   

Hydronephrosis

   

No

70(80.4%)

1

 

Yes

17(19.54%)

0.904(0.389-2.104)

0.786

Dysuria

   

No

69(79.31%)

1

 

Yes

18(20.69%)

1.939(0.783-4.805)

0.815

Dyschezia

   

No

27(31.03%)

1

 

Yes

60(68.97%)

1.193(0.557-2.556)

0.650

bowel obstruction

   

No

80(91.9%)

1

 

Yes

7(8.1%)

0.821(0.292-2.310)

0.709

Rectum bleeding

   

No

67(77.01%)

1

 

Yes

20(22.99%)

2.145(1.023-4.498)

0.043

The Time to development of RI

Synchronous presentation

58(66.67%)

1

 

Metachronous presentation

29(33.33%)

14.339(5.719-35.952)

0.000

Tumor characteristics at diagnosis of rectal involvement

Pathological grade of RI

   

well or moderately differentiated

12(17.14%)

1

 

poorly differentiated

58(82.86%)

2.048(0.474-8.853)

0.337

Histology of prostate cancer RI

   

adenocarcinoma

81(93.10%)

1

 

Mixed type

6(6.90%)

0.356(0.048-2.615)

0.310

CEA

   

<5 ng/mL

26(83.87%)

1

 

≥5 ng/mL

5(16.13%)

2.795(0.510-15.331)

0.237

CA199

   

<37 u/mL

23(85.19%)

1

 

≥37 u/mL

4(14.81%)

2.150(0.223-20.768)

0.508

PSA

464.74 ± 1189.28

1.000(0.998-1.000)

0.499

PSA

   

<92.41 u/mL

28(52.83%)

1

 

≥92.41 u/mL

25(47.17%)

0.136(0.153-1.248)

0.122

Type of rectal involvement

   

Type I

9(13.04%)

1

 

Type II

40(57.97%)

0.494(0.151-1.615)

0.244

Type III

11(15.94%)

1.163(0.311-4.346)

0.822

Type IV

9(13.04%)

1.653(0.433-6.304)

0.462

Hormonal status

   

No prior hormonal therapy

61(70.11%)

1

 

Prior hormonal therapy

26(29.89%)

14.658(6.042-35.561)

0.000

Tumor extent at diagnosis of RI

   

rectum-only

24(35.82%)

1

 

Extrarectal metastases

43(64.18%)

2.618(0.984-6.961)

0.054

  1. RI: rectal involvement.
  2. Type of RI was defined according to the criteria described in the literature [11, 12].
  3. CEA and CA199 were analyzed as categorical variables using normal value as cut off; Age and PSA were analyzed as categorical variables using median value as cut off.