| |
Hyperhomocysyeinemia and risk of diabetic retinopathy
|
Homocysteine in DR and NDR
|
|---|
|
Factor
|
No. of studies
|
OR
|
95%CI
|
Heterogeneity
|
No. of studies
|
WMD
|
95%CI
|
Heterogeneity
|
|---|
|
P
|
I2(%)
|
P
|
I2(%)
|
|---|
|
DM type
|
|
T1D
|
3
|
1.83
|
1.28 to 2.62
|
0.21
|
33.6
|
7
|
2.5
|
1.04 to 3.97
|
0.00
|
94.0
|
|
T2D
|
4
|
1.59
|
0.72 to 3.51
|
0.19
|
39.7
|
16
|
2.85
|
1.45 to 4.25
|
0.00
|
99.2
|
|
Mixed
|
2
|
1.93
|
1.46 to 2.53
|
0.93
|
0.0
|
4
|
1.68
|
0.01 to 3.35
|
0.00
|
97.2
|
|
Site
|
|
Unitd Staes
|
1
|
1.9
|
1.24 to 2.93
|
-
|
-
|
4
|
3.03
|
-0.02 to 6.08
|
0.00
|
85.0
|
|
Asia
|
4
|
2.36
|
1.46 to 3.81
|
0.15
|
44.3
|
11
|
3.43
|
2.59 to 4.28
|
0.00
|
88.6
|
|
Europe
|
4
|
1.45
|
0.95 to 2.20
|
0.57
|
0.0
|
10
|
1.68
|
0.83 to 2.52
|
0.00
|
85.0
|
|
Oceania
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2
|
0.68
|
-0.49 to 6.08
|
0.00
|
99.8
|
|
Blood
|
|
Plasma
|
8
|
2.01
|
1.49 to 2.72
|
0.20
|
29.0
|
24
|
2.81
|
2.04 to 3.57
|
0.00
|
97.3
|
|
Serum
|
1
|
1.45
|
0.79 to 2.67
|
-
|
-
|
3
|
0.45
|
0.03 to 0.87
|
0.13
|
51.5
|
|
Study design
|
|
DR vs normal
|
3
|
3.71
|
0.94 to 14.72
|
0.0
|
90.9
|
11
|
5.21
|
3.50 to 6.92
|
0.00
|
99.2
|
|
DR vs DM
|
9
|
2.02
|
1.52 to 2.68
|
0.33
|
12.1
|
22
|
2.34
|
1.62 to 3.05
|
0.00
|
97.6
|
|
NPDR vs control
|
2
|
2.66
|
1.74 to 4.06
|
0.88
|
0.0
|
10
|
1.8
|
0.89 to 2.71
|
0.00
|
96.4
|
|
PDR vs control
|
2
|
2.84
|
1.75 to 4.61
|
0.98
|
0.0
|
12
|
4.53
|
3.16 to 5.90
|
0.00
|
91.6
|
- -: no data; DM: diabetes mellitus; T1D: type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2D: type 2 diabetes mellitus; DR: diabetic retinopathy; PDR: proliferative diabetic retinopathy; NPDR: nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; hcy: homocysteinemia.
