Table 5 Factors associated with poor outcome (overall survival) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia by univariate analysis

Age > 60 years

1.685

1.203

2.362

0.002

Male gender

1.068

0.799

1.428

0.66

Year of treatment

1.317

1.096

1.582

0.003

Treatment delay > 7 days from diagnosis

1.551

1.031

2.333

0.03

Comorbidities

Cardiac disease

1.534

1.082

2.174

0.02

Lung disease

1.924

0.937

3.95

0.07

Liver disease

0.880

0.326

2.372

0.80

Kidney disease

2.648

0.976

7.184

0.06

Diabetes

1.371

0.744

2.528

0.31

At least one comorbidity

1.596

1.153

2.211

0.005

MDS-related AML

1.338

0.904

1.979

0.15

Initial clinical manifestations

Fever

1.265

0.928

1.725

0.14

Gingival hyperplasia

1.268

0.881

1.825

0.20

Lymphadenomegaly

0.867

0.644

1.166

0.34

Hepatomegaly

1.793

1.339

2.400

0.001

Splenomegaly

1.365

0.991

1.88

0.06

Pulmonary involvement

0.668

0.166

2.693

0.57

Cutaneous involvement

0.790

0.404

1.544

0.49

CNS involvement

0.475

0.066

3.401

0.46

Active bleeding

1.589

1.189

2.123

0.002

DIC

0.606

0.225

1.635

0.32

Infection at diagnosis

Pharyngitis

1.139

0.691

1.876

0.61

Gastrointestinal

2.842

1.439

5.614

0.003

Fever of unknown origin

1.096

0.761

1.578

0.62

Blood

0.632

0.201

1.982

0.43

Skin and soft tissue

0.877

0.575

1.337

0.54

Pneumonia

1.490

0.995

2.23

0.05

Sinusitis

0.392

0.055

2.799

0.35

Oral cavity

0.775

0.462

1.298

0.33

Urinary tract

0.994

0.408

2.421

0.99

At least one infection

1.142

0.843

1.548

0.39

FAB classification

M0

0.563

0.203

1.560

0.27

M1

0.747

0.367

1.520

0.42

M2

0.524

0.339

0.809

0.004

M4

0.796

0.539

1.177

0.25

M5

1.560

0.963

2.528

0.71

M6

0.888

0.321

2.461

0.82

M7

1.294

0.554

3.025

0.55

Laboratory abnormalities

Leukocytes

1.000

1.000

1.00

0.13

Neutrophils

0.994

0.985

1.003

0.21

Hemoglobin

1.007

0.981

1.034

0.60

Platelets

1.001

0.999

1.002

0.22

Neutropenia

1.049

0.775

1.419

0.76

Leukocytosis (≥50 × 10⁹/L)

1.220

0.890

1.673

0.22

LDH

1.000

1.000

1.001

0.07

% blasts D14 (observer 1)

1.018

1.009

1.027

0.001

% blasts D14 (observer 2)

1.014

1.007

1.022

0.001

Likert scale D14 (observer 1)

1.197

1.032

1.387

0.02

Likert scale D14 (observer 2)

1.339

1.147

1.563

0.001