Fig. 5

Monte Carlo-like simulation. From every case (of the 20 cases with 290 ± 152 vTMAs from the tumor border) repetitively a predefined number of vTMAs were chosen at random, and subsequently the median number of buds, the median budding score and the normalized entropy were calculated. This process was repeated several times (n = 10) with different sample sizes (from n = 2 to n = 200). a and c show the normalized entropy and the median number of tumor buds in relation to the sample size, respectively. b and d show the normalized entropy and the median number of tumor buds for the complete tumor border, respectively