Fig. 1

Effects of isoflurane on neurological impairment in rats. a The neurological function score increased significantly in isoflurane treated rats compared with the control group. b During the spatial acquisition training time, the time required to locate the platform was significantly affected by isoflurane treatment compared with the control group. c Isoflurane treatment did not influence the swimming speed of rats during the spatial acquisition training time. d-e A probe trial was conducted to assess reference memory at the end of learning. Isoflurane treatment significantly enhanced the escape latency and reduced the time in the original quadrant of rats compared with the control group. *** P < 0.001