Method
|
Reverse transcription of RNA into cDNA strands, followed by amplification of specific regions of the cDNA
|
Reverse transcription of RNA into cDNA strands, construction of NGS library after amplifying full length genes, and sequencing analysis
|
Simultaneous reverse transcription and isothermal amplification at 37 degrees Celsius using a set of highly specific primers involved in annealing and synthesizing new strands, followed by appreciable color change to the naked eye that determines positivity
|
Simultaneous reverse transcription and isothermal amplification using RT-LAMPcas-12 detection of predefined coronavirus sequences, and cleavage of a reporter molecule confirms detection of the virus
|
Monoclonal antibodies detect viral antigens by immunoassay directly from the clinical specimens
|
Uses clonal viral antigens to detect antibodies (IgA, IgM, and IgG) to SARS–CoV-2 from clinical specimens (such as blood or saliva)
|
Turn-around Time
|
6–24 h
|
24 h
|
< 2 h
|
< 2 h
|
< 2 h
|
< 2 h
|
Significance
|
Highly specific and the test of choice
|
Comparison between various strains involved in the evolution of this illness, useful in research and vaccine development
|
Rapid, accurate, and relatively simple test with high specificity
|
Rapid, accurate, and relatively simple with high specificity
|
Rapid, simple, and potential future rapid test of choice
|
Rapid, simple, and can detect past infection or immunity from the infection (screening test)
|
Drawback
|
Complex technique, requires specialized laboratory and trained personnels
|
Complex technique and requires more time
|
Not quantitative
|
Not quantitative
|
Monoclonal antibody development in the laboratory is a time consuming and complex process
|
Antibodies become significant days to weeks after development of symptoms; not suitable for acute disease and disease confirmation
|