Table 2 Studies characteristics and the impact of CAIX on disease-free survival
Author(s) | Country | Patients (n) | Median follow up (months) | Cancer death n (%) | Subtype | Antibody for IHC/ dilution | Scoring method | High CAIX Expression n (%) | Score range and location | Definition of positive | Tumour stage | Multivariate variables | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p-value | HR estimation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alves et al. 2019 [26] | Brazil | 196 | 73.9 | NA | Mixed BC | ab15086 1:200 | Percentage and intensity | 13 (7) | Score 0–6 Membranous | Score > 2 | T1-4 N0-3 M0 | NA | UV analysis NA | 0.005 | Reported in text |
Jin et al. 2016 [45] | South Korea | 270 | NA | NA | TNBC | Abcam 1:75 | Percentage | 59 (22) | 1–100 Membranous and cytoplasmic |  ≥ 10% | I-II | LVI, LN metastasis, HIF-1α, CAIX and combined HIF-1α and CAIX expression | MV analysis 2.65 (1.41–4.97) | 0.002 | Reported in text |
Aomatsu et al. 2014 [51] | Japan | 102 | 6.2 | NA | Mixed BC | M75 1:1000 | Intensity | 47 (46) | Score 0–3 Membranous | Score ≥ 2 | IIA-IIB or IIIA | ER, PR, molecular subtypes (HR + /Her-2) and CAIX expression | MV analysis 2.39 (1.04–5.49) | 0.041 | Reported in text |
Noh, Kim, and Koo 2014 [44] | South Korea | 334 | NA | 31 (9.3) | AR + /ER − BC | Abcam 1:100 | Percentage and intensity | 96 (29) | Score 0–6 Location not stated | Score ≥ 2 | T1-3 | T stage, LN status, histologic grade and CAIX expression | MV analysis 2.23 (0.67–7.43) | 0.191 | Reported in text |
Choi, Jung, and Koo 2013 | South Korea | 276 | 67 | 23 (8) | Mixed BC | NA 1:100 | Intensity | 90 (33) | Score 0–3 Cytoplasmic | Score ≥ 2 | T1-3 N0-3 | - | UV analysis NA | 0.271 | Reported in text |
Currie et al. 2013 [52] | New Zealand | 87 | NA | NA | Mixed BC | Novus Biologicals 1:1000 | Percentage and intensity | 43 (49) | Score 0–8 Membranous | Score ≥ 3 | NA | - | UV analysis NA | 0.47 | Reported in text |
Betof et al. 2012 [53] | USA | 209 | 99.6 | 32 (16.6) | Mixed BC based on CT | M75 NA | Percentage and intensity | 182 (88) | Score 0–300 Membranous and cytoplasmic | Score ≥ 50 | NA | NA | UV analysis 1.82 | 0.014 | Reported in text |
Kaya et al. 2012 [54] | Turkey | 111 | 110 | NA | Group1:HR + , Her-2-ve Group2:HR-, Her-2 + ve | H-120 1:100 | Absent or present | 62 (65) | 0–1 Membranous | Score ≥ 1 | T1-4 N0-3 M0 | - | UV analysis NA | 0.344 | Survival curve |
Pinheiro et al. 2011 [17] | Portugal and Brazil | 122 | NA | NA | Mixed BC | ab15086 1:2000 | Percentage and intensity | 22 (18) | Score 0–6 Membranous | Score ≥ 3 | T1-3 | NA | UV analysis NA | 0.045 | Survival curve |
Tan et al. 2009 [15] | UK and Australia | 182 | 131.9 | 99 (21.7) | Mixed BC Patients treated with CT (n = 182) | NA | Percentage | 59 (14) | 0–100 Membranous |  ≥ 10% | NA | NA | UV analysis 3.20 (1.79–5.70) |  < 0.001 | Reported in text |
Trastour et al. 2007 [16] | France | 132 | 138 | 20 (15) | Mixed BC | MN75 1:10,000 | Percentage | 38 (29) | 0–100 Membranous |  > 1% | NA | Tumour size, LN status, tumour grade, HIF-1α and CAIX expression | MV analysis 2 (1.0–4.2) | 0.05 | Reported in text |
Generali et al. 2006a [55] | Italy | 166 | 53 | 22 (11.7) | Mixed BC | M75 1:50 | Intensity | 41 (24.7) | Score 0–2 Location not stated | Score ≥ 1 | T2-4 N0-1 | NA | UV analysis NA | 0.02 | Reported in text |
Generali et al. 2006b [10] | Italy | 169 | NA | 21 (12.5) | Mixed BC | M75 1:50 | Intensity | 41 (24) | Score 0–2 Location not stated | Score ≥ 1 | T2–4 N0–1 | LN status, tumour size, BCL2, Her-2, PR, ER, Ki67, p53 and CAIX expression | MV analysis 1.6 (0.8–3.2) | 0.2 | Reported in text |