Table 1 Clinical features of DIM
# | References | Case | Sex | Age (y) | Asbestos Exposure | Initial Symptoms | Thoracic Imaging Findings | Major Histologic Growth Patterns | FISH | Postoperative Treatment | Survival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Musk AW et al. 1991 [3] | 1 | M | 44 | Yes | Nasal congestion, LAD for 1 month | Bilateral military opacities; no pleural disease, effusions, or masses | Solid | — | Etoposide | 12 weeks |
2 | Ohishi N et al. 1996 [4] | 1 | M | 50 | Yes | DOE for 1-week | right-sided massive pleural effusion and diffuse reticulonodular shadow in the left lung | Lepidic | — | a course of systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin and mitomycin | 5 months |
3 | Wu et al. 1996 [5] | 1 | M | 69 | No | right hydropneumothorax and DOE | right hydropneumothorax as well as minimal pleural thickening in the right upper lobe | Lepidic | — | — | — |
4 | Heki U et al. 1999 [6] | 1 | F | 59 | — | Weight loss, malaise, cough, fever for 5 months | Irregular nodular opacities in RLL; no pleural disease or masses | — | — | — | — |
5 | Rossi et al. 2006 [7] | 1 | M | 64 | No | Progressive SOB, COPD | Right PTX; emphysema with RUL bullae; no pleural thickening or masses | Lepidic | — | — | — |
6 | Felner et al. 2006 [8] | 1 | M | 72 | No | pleuritic, nonexertional chest pain and dyspnea | unilateral pleural effusion and multiple bilateral nodules in the pleura and lung | lepidic | — | — | — |
7 | Larsen BT et al. 2013 [2] | 5 | M | 53 | No | Acute SOB, cough for several hours | Bilateral PTX; multiple blebs; irregular bilateral subpleural opacities with reticulation; small right pleural effusion; no masses | Lepidic, micropapillary | normal pattern in 3 cases of epithelioid DIM | cisplatin and pemetrexed Maintenance: pemetrexed alone | 28 months |
8 | M | 70 | No | SOB for 6 months | Diffuse bilateral GGOs with reticulation; several small subpleural nodular densities; no pleural disease or effusions | Lepidic, acinar | — | Cisplatin and pemetrexed | 3 weeks | ||
9 | M | 55 | No | Progressive SOB, cough, fatigue, diaphoresis for 3 months | Diffuse bilateral GGOs with focal peripheral reticulation; upper lobe consolidation; no pleural disease, effusions, or masses | DIP-like, micropapillary | — | No | 21 months | ||
10 | M | 56 | No | DOE, intermittent cough | Diffuse bilateral opacities with course reticulation; no pleural disease, effusions, or masses | Pneumoconiosislike, acinar | — | Induction: carboplatin and pemetrexed Maintenance: erlotinib | 4 weeks | ||
11 | M | 81 | Yes | Progressive SOB | Stable patchy irregular opacities, primarily right sided; right pleural effusion; no masses | Pneumoconiosislike, solid | — | No | 11 months | ||
12 | Hasegawa M et al. 2014 [9] | 1 | M | 75 | No | No | multiple bilateral lung nodules,no dominant lung mass or pleural lesion | sarcomatoid | homozygous deletion | No | 1 year |
13 | Hida Tomoyuki et al. 2015 [10] | 1 | M | 67 | Yes | SOB, fever, cough | diffuse granular shadowing in both lungs, right pleural effusion, and hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy | acinar,solid | homozygous deletion | two courses of chemotherapy (cisplatin + pemetrexed) | |
14 | Larsen BT et al. 2019 [11] | 1 | M | 70 | No | recurrent unilateral pleural effusion | nonspecific pulmonary infiltrates,no diffuse pleural thickening or pleural-based masses | Lepidic | heterozygous deletion in one case of epithelioid DIMM | — | — |
15 | Kumazawa M et al. 2019 [12] | 1 | M | 69 | Yes | dyspnea for 3 months | diffuse miliary nodules,right pleural effusion,pleural thickening | acinar,solid,papillary | — | systemic chemotherapy | 69 days |
16 | Prisciandaro Elena et al. 2020 [13] | 1 | F | 67 | No | DOE, cough | multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules, left pleural effusion plus subaortic and subcarinal lymph nodes enlargement | micropapillary | — | Cisplatin and Pemetrexed | 2 months |
17 | This study | 1 | M | 59 | Yes | Recurrent unilateral pleural effusion | right pleural effusion, bilateral pure ground glass opacity lesions | Lepidic | normal pattern | immunotherapy | — |