Table 12 Previous studies present the role of Cathepsin B and Cathepsin D in salivary gland tumors
Salivary gland neoplasm type | casuistry | antibodies | Analysis method | Main results | Statistically significant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Salivary Adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) | Role of CTSB in cancer metastasis by altering extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and facilitating invasion [74] | anti-CTSB | Cell culture and transfection. (SACC-83 cells) Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining, migration and invasion assays, and 3D spheroid culture Immunohistochemistry (IHC) [74] | CTSB overexpression in the invasive front of SACC compared to the tumor center CTSB was only expressed in leader cells CTSB expression associated with a poor prognosis of patients with SACC 3D spheroid invasion assay provides evidence that CTSB may define leader cells in SACC and is required for collective cell invasion as a potential key regulator of ECM remodeling [74] | The increased CTSB expression at the invasion border was closely associated with a poor pathological type, nerve invasion, advanced clinical tumor-node-metastasis stage, recurrence and metastasis High CTSB level was associated with reduced overall survival [74] |
SACC | Assess the functional role of CTSD in perineural invasion (PNI) of SACC [32] | Anti CTSD | QRT-PCR, immunofluorescence and western blot analysis were used to examine the levels of CTSD mRNA and protein in SACC-LM cell line [32] | The ability of migration, invasion, and PNI could be inhibited significantly by siRNA mediated CTSD silence (p < 0.01). Furthermore, siRNA-mediated CTSD silence inhibited cytoskeletal organization and pseudo foot formation in SACC-LM cells [32] | High CTSD in solid pattern than that with tubular pattern of SACC CTSD correlated with clinic stage and distant metastasis High CTSD expression was significantly shorter OS [32] |
| Â | Intense expression of CTSD in high grade carcinomas may be a marker for invasive potential and aggressive behavior [31] | anti- CTSD antibody | Immunohistochemistry [31] | Â | Intense CTSD expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) as compared to polymorphus low grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) [31] |
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), Warthin’s tumor (WT) and pleomorphic adenoma (PA) [75] | CTSD is a useful marker for the aggressive biologic behavior as well as invasive potential of salivary gland neoplasms [75] | anti- CTSD antibody | Immunohistochemistry | Significant differential CTSD expression between benign and malignant salivary gland tumors [75] | Malignant salivary gland tumors showed significant high CTSD expression when compared to the benign tumors [75] |