Fig. 4

Analysis of the MCM4 expression in urine cytology. A Representative images of ICC for MCM4 in normal urothelial cells UC cells. B Comparison of MCM4 expressed-cells between benign and UC cases. Statistical significance was determined by the Mann-Whitney U test. C ROC analysis in ICC for MCM4 staining and diagnosis of UC. D ROC and area under the ROC curve (AUC) analysis of cytology, MCM4, cytology with MCM4 in the diagnosis of UC. E Papanicolaou stained slides and (F) ICC staining of MCM4 in a case with Atypical diagnosis, (G) histologically diagnosed as high grade UC (hematoxylin and eosin staining), and (H) tumor cells were found to be positive for MCM4 by immunohistochemistry. (Papanicolaou staining and ICC, original magnification ×400 (A, E and F), hematoxylin and eosin staining, original magnification ×400 (G), immunohistochemistry, original magnification ×400 (H)