Articles

Variation of stemness markers expression in tumor nodules from synchronous multi-focal hepatocellular carcinoma – an immunohistochemical study

Advancing knowledge in molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) opens up new horizons in the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic perspectives. Assessing the expression of molecular targets p...

Authors: Regina Cheuk-lam Lo, Carmen Oi-ning Leung, Kenneth Siu-ho Chok and Irene Oi-lin Ng

Detection of 22 common leukemic fusion genes using a single-step multiplex qRT-PCR-based assay

Fusion genes generated from chromosomal translocation play an important role in hematological malignancies. Detection of fusion genes currently employ use of either conventional RT-PCR methods or fluorescent i...

Authors: Xiaodong Lyu, Xianwei Wang, Lina Zhang, Zhenzhu Chen, Yu Zhao, Jieying Hu, Ruihua Fan and Yongping Song

Level of mitoses in non-muscle invasive papillary urothelial carcinomas (pTa and pT1) at initial bladder biopsy is a simple and powerful predictor of clinical outcome: a multi-center study in South Korea

Histologic grade is the most important predictor of the clinical outcome of non-muscle invasive (Ta, T1) papillary urothelial carcinoma (NMIPUCa), but its ambiguous criteria diminish its power to predict recur...

Authors: Ji Eun Kwon, Nam Hoon Cho, Yeong-Jin Choi, So Dug Lim, Yong Mee Cho, Sun Young Jun, Sanghui Park, Young A. Kim, Sung-Sun Kim, Mi Sun Choe, Jung-dong Lee, Dae Yong Kang, Jae Y. Ro and Hyun-Jung Kim

Retraction Note: The microRNA-1246 promotes metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer by targeting cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein

Authors: Weihua Huang, Huifen Li and Rongcheng Luo

Pancreatic metastasis from invasive pleomorphic lobular carcinoma of the breast: a rare case report

Invasive pleomorphic lobular carcinoma (PLC) is an aggressive subtype of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, which has its own histopathological and biological features. The metastatic patterns for PLC a...

Authors: Xiangjie Sun, Ke Zuo, Dan Huang, Baohua Yu, Yufan Cheng and Wentao Yang

GATA3 is a sensitive marker for primary genital extramammary paget disease: an immunohistochemical study of 72 cases with comparison to gross cystic disease fluid protein 15

GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) has been identified as a sensitive marker for breast carcinoma but its sensitivity in primary genital extramammary Paget diseases (EMPDs) has not been well studied.

Authors: Ming Zhao, Lixin Zhou, Li Sun, Yan Song, Yunquan Guo, Xun Zhang, Feng Zhao, Peng Wang, Junqiu Yue, Dongfeng Niu, Zhongwu Li, Xiaozheng Huang, Qiang Kang, Lin Jia, Jinping Lai and Dengfeng Cao

A rare case of malignant solitary fibrous tumor in prostate with review of the literature

Solitary fibrous tumor is an uncommon soft tissue neoplasm with intermediate biological behavior, which rarely metastasizes. Malignant solitary fibrous tumor, although not clearly defined, is rarely described ...

Authors: Andrea Ronchi, Elvira La Mantia, Vincenzo Gigantino, Sisto Perdonà, Marco De Sio, Gaetano Facchini, Renato Franco and Annarosaria De Chiara

Individual and co-expression patterns of nerve growth factor and heme oxygenase-1 predict shorter survival of gastric carcinoma patients

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic factor which regulates cell development and proliferation. Recently, it has been suggested that NGF induces heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) expression, and that both NGF and ...

Authors: Sang Jae Noh, Kyoung Min Kim and Kyu Yun Jang

Heterotopic pancreas in the omphalomesenteric duct remnant in a 9-month-old girl: a case report and literature review

Heterotopic pancreas most commonly occurs in the upper gastrointestinal tract of adults, usually as an incidental finding. It seldom occurs at the umbilicus, and even rarely in the pediatric age group.

Authors: Zitong Zhao, Chiang Khi Sim and Sangeeta Mantoo

Identification and in silico characterization of p.G380R substitution in FGFR3, associated with achondroplasia in a non-consanguineous Pakistani family

The dimerization efficiency of FGFR3 transmembrane domain plays a critical role in the formation of a normal skeleton through the negative regulation of bone development. Recently, gain-of-function mutations i...

Authors: Muhammad Ajmal, Asif Mir, Muhammad Shoaib, Salman Akbar Malik and Muhammad Nasir

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed in a significant number of the uterine cervical carcinomas

The programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immune regulatory axis has emerged as a promising new target for cancer therapeutics, with lasting responses seen in the treatment of metastatic re...

Authors: Opal L. Reddy, Peter I. Shintaku and Neda A. Moatamed

Aggressive natural killer cell leukemia or extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma? a case with nasal involvement

Aggressive natural killer cell leukemia/lymphoma (ANKL) is a rare and highly aggressive NK cell neoplasm with a short clinical course and poor prognosis and is often misdiagnosed and confused with NK/T cell ly...

Authors: Xiaoke Jin, Youhai Xu, Jun Zhang, Guangxi Li, Dongping Huang, Yuqiong Yang and Hesheng He

A comparison of gene expression profiles in patients with coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes, and their coexisting conditions

To support a hypothesis that there is an intrinsic interplay between coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), we used RNA-seq to identify unique gene expression signatures of CAD, T2D, and coex...

Authors: Rui Gong, Menghui Chen, Cuizhao Zhang, Manli Chen and Haibin Li

HNF4A expression as a potential diagnostic tool to discriminate primary gastric cancer from breast cancer metastasis in a Brazilian cohort

Among the many challenges in cancer diagnosis is the early distinction between metastatic cancer and a secondary tumor. This difficulty stems from the lack of markers that offer high sensitivity and specificit...

Authors: Patrícia Chaves de Freitas Campos Jucá, Stephany Corrêa, Giselle Maria Vignal, Maria Theresa de Souza Accioly, Suzana Angélica Silva Lustosa, Eliana Abdelhay and Delcio Matos

Expression of signaling adaptor proteins predicts poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Adaptor proteins bridge the gap between cell surface receptors and their downstream signaling elements. The clinicopathological and prognostic values of adaptor proteins remain poorly understood. The purpose o...

Authors: Lili Wang, Junliang Lu, Huanwen Wu, Li Wang, Xiaolong Liang, Zhiyong Liang and Tonghua Liu

Tumor containing fragment number influences immunohistochemistry positive rate of HER2 in biopsy specimens of gastric cancer

HER2 assessment in biopsy specimens of gastric cancer (GC) is challenging because of the intratumoral heterogeneity. False negative results may be get because of limited biopsy material. The aim of this study ...

Authors: Chen Xu, Yalan Liu, Xiaowen Ge, Dongxian Jiang, Ying Zhang, Yuan Ji, Jun Hou, Jie Huang, Jieakesu Su, Haiying Zeng, Jing Qin and Yingyong Hou

Erratum to: Cytokeratin7 and cytokeratin19 expression in high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasm and squamous cell carcinoma and their possible association in cervical carcinogenesis

Authors: Hojung Lee, Hyekyung Lee and Yong Kyun Cho

Intestinal differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma of the endometrium with sporadic MSI high status: a case report

Intestinal differentiation of primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus is exceedingly rare in comparison to the approximately 25% rate in endocervical and ovarian mucinous carcinoma. Additionally,...

Authors: Mafalda Trippel, Sara Imboden, Andrea Papadia, Michael D. Mueller, Nando Mertineit, Kirsi Härmä, Alina Nicolae, Erik Vassella and Tilman T. Rau

Rapid development of metastatic pulmonary calcifications in primary hyperparathyroidism: a case report and literature review

Metastatic pulmonary calcification (MPC) is rarely reported in primary hyperparathyroidism, especially MPC develops quickly. We report such a case here with a literature review.

Authors: Hui-ming Sun, Fei Chen, Hong-lin Yin, Xiao-yong Xu, Hong-bing Liu and Bei-lei Zhao

Primary Ewing’s sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the ileum: case report of a 16-year-old Chinese female and literature review

Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) are closely related tumors. Although soft tissue ES/PNET are common in clinical practice, they are rare in the small intestine. Because of the a...

Authors: Teng Li, Fang Zhang, Yarui Cao, Shoubin Ning, Yongmin Bi, Weicheng Xue and Li Ren

Primary extragenital endometrial stromal sarcoma of the lung: first reported case and review of literature

Endometrial stromal sarcomas arising in extrauterine and extraovarian sites, in the absence of a primary uterine lesion are quite rare, especially in the absence of endometriosis. They usually present as an ab...

Authors: Lara Alessandrini, Francesco Sopracordevole, Giulio Bertola, Simona Scalone, Martina Urbani, Gianmaria Miolo, Tiziana Perin, Fabrizio Italia and Vincenzo Canzonieri

Primary follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the urinary bladder: the first case report and potential diagnostic pitfalls

Extranodal follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a very rare malignancy with a variable clinical course. It is often not considered and has the potential to result in a misdiagnosis of other common sarco...

Authors: Guang-Jie Duan, You-Li Wu, Hui Sun, Lang Lang, Zhi-Wen Chen and Xiao-Chu Yan

Case report: ACTH-secreting pituitary carcinoma metastatic to the liver in a patient with a history of atypical pituitary adenoma and Cushing’s disease

Pituitary carcinoma is a rare entity requiring the presence of metastasis to confirm its malignant potential. We report a case of pituitary carcinoma and discuss the diagnosis and management of this lesion in ...

Authors: Amy S. Joehlin-Price, Douglas A. Hardesty, Christina A. Arnold, Lawrence S. Kirschner, Daniel M. Prevedello and Norman L. Lehman

N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) promoter methylation and expression in pituitary adenoma

Pituitary adenoma (PA) is a benign primary tumor that arises from the pituitary gland and is associated with ophthalmological, neurological and endocrinological abnormalities. However, causes that increase tum...

Authors: Paulina Vaitkiene, Indre Valiulyte, Brigita Glebauskiene and Rasa Liutkeviciene

Role of tumour-associated macrophages in oral squamous cells carcinoma progression: an update on current knowledge

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts over 90% of malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity. This pathological entity is associated to a high mortality rate that has remained unchanged over the past decade...

Authors: Maria Noel Marzano Rodrigues Petruzzi, Karen Cherubini, Fernanda Gonçalves Salum and Maria Antonia Zancanaro de Figueiredo

Targeted sequencing may facilitate differential diagnostics of pulmonary tumours: a case series

Histopathological diagnosis is important for prognostication and choice of treatment in patients with cancer in the lung. Metastases to the lungs are common and need to be distinguished from primary lung cance...

Authors: Kajsa Ericson-Lindquist, Anna Johansson, Per Levéen, Göran Elmberger, Göran Jönsson, Johan Staaf and Hans Brunnström

Case report: a case of eruptive collagenoma occurring in esophagus and intestine

Eruptive collagenoma is a rare disease. All of the previously reported cases were located on the skin. Here we report such a case occurring in esophagus and intestine.

Authors: Ping Gao, Lili Jing, Hai Huang, Cuiping Zhang and Junmei Hao

Cerebellar ependymoma with overlapping features of clear-cell and tanycytic variants mimicking hemangioblastoma: a case report and literature review

Imaging and histology of clear-cell ependymoma and cerebellum-based hemangioblastoma are similar; distinguishing between them is a diagnostic challenge.

Authors: Xiu-Peng Zhang, Yang Liu, Di Zhang, Qin Zheng, Chen Wang, Liang Wang, Qing-Chang Li, Xue-Shan Qiu and En-Hua Wang

Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor: a case report and review of the literature

Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor (GNET) is an extremely rare entity that was first described by Zambrano et al. in 2003 as “Clear cell sarcoma-like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract”. It shar...

Authors: Mohammed J. Alyousef, Jumana A. Alratroot, Tarek ElSharkawy, Mohamed A. Shawarby, Mohammad A. Al hamad, Tarek M. Hashem and Ahmed Alsayyah

Diagnostic accuracy of oral cancer cytology in a pilot study

Recently, cytology has been applied to the diagnosis of oral lesions. We aimed to explore the diagnostic accuracy of oral cytology based on the histological diagnosis.

Authors: Joji Sekine, Eiji Nakatani, Katsumi Hideshima, Teruaki Iwahashi and Hiroshi Sasaki

Implication of overexpression of dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (Daam-1) for the pathogenesis of human Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (IPAH)

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a rare, fatal disease of unknown pathogenesis. Evidence from our recent study suggests that IPAH pathogenesis is related to upregulation of the Wnt/planar c...

Authors: Shun Yanai, Megumi Wakayama, Haruo Nakayama, Minoru Shinozaki, Hisayuki Tsukuma, Naobumi Tochigi, Tetsuo Nemoto, Tsutomu Saji and Kazutoshi Shibuya

Uterine epithelioid leiomyosarcoma with c-kit expression and YWHAE gene rearrangement: a case report of a diagnostic pitfall of uterine sarcoma

Uterine sarcoma is a rare tumor that is often difficult to classify based on morphological and immunohistochemical analysis alone. Limited access to molecular biological analysis in routine practice would hind...

Authors: Terufumi Kubo, Shintaro Sugita, Ryuichi Wada, Noriaki Kikuchi, Masahiro Iwasaki, Yumika Ito, Taro Sugawara, Hiromi Fujita, Makoto Emori, Ryoichi Tanaka, Hiroshi Hirano, Tsuyoshi Saito and Tadashi Hasegawa

Molecular genetics of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer for pathologists

Microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancers (CRC) that are due to deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) represent approximately 15% of all CRCs in the United States. These microsatellite-unstable CRCs represent ...

Authors: Wei Chen, Benjamin J. Swanson and Wendy L. Frankel

Evaluation of the correlation of vasculogenic mimicry, ALDH1, KiSS-1, and MACC1 in the prediction of metastasis and prognosis in ovarian carcinoma

Recurrence and metastasis are the usual manifestations of treatment failure of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). Vasculogenic mimicry (VM; blood supply development often seen in highly aggressive cancers), a...

Authors: Lan Yu, Bo Zhu, Shiwu Wu, Lei Zhou, Wenqing Song, Xiaomeng Gong and Danna Wang

Erratum to: Quality of sweat test (ST) based on the proportion of sweat sodium (Na) and sweat chloride (Cl) as diagnostic parameter of cystic fibrosis: are we on the right way?

Authors: Alethéa Guimarães Faria, Fernando Augusto Lima Marson, Carla Cristina de Souza Gomez, Maria Ângela Gonçalves de Oliveira Ribeiro, Lucas Brioschi Morais, Maria de Fátima Servidoni, Carmen Sílvia Bertuzzo, Eulália Sakano, Maura Goto, Ilma Aparecida Paschoal, Mônica Corso Pereira, Gabriel Hessel, Carlos Emílio Levy, Adyléia Aparecida Dalbo Contrera Toro, Andressa Oliveira Peixoto, Maria Cristina Ribeiro Simões…

HMGA2 immunostaining is a straightforward technique which helps to distinguish pulmonary fat-forming lesions from normal adipose tissue in small biopsies: a retrospective observational study about a series of 13 lung biopsies

A tracheobronchial lesion observed during an endoscopic examination is usually sampled by the pulmonologist and sent to the pathologist for microscopic examination. Adipocytes may be observed in the lamina pro...

Authors: Nicolas Piton, Émilie Angot, Florent Marguet and Jean-Christophe Sabourin

Ki-67 as a controversial predictive and prognostic marker in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Studies have partly demonstrated the clinical validity of Ki-67 as a predictive marker in the neoadjuvant setting, but the question of the best cut-off points as well as the importance of this marker as a prog...

Authors: Balázs Ács, Veronika Zámbó, Laura Vízkeleti, A. Marcell Szász, Lilla Madaras, Gyöngyvér Szentmártoni, Tímea Tőkés, Béla Á. Molnár, István Artúr Molnár, Stefan Vári-Kakas, Janina Kulka and Anna-Mária Tőkés

Immunohistochemistry of sarcolemmal membrane-associated proteins in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded skeletal muscle tissue: a promising tool for the diagnostic evaluation of common muscular dystrophies

The analysis of fresh frozen muscle specimens is standard following routine muscle biopsy, but this service is not widely available in countries with limited medical facilities, such as Thailand. Nevertheless,...

Authors: Chinnawut Suriyonplengsaeng, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Chaiyos Khongkhatithum, Suda Sanpapant, Nattha Tubthong, Koset Pinpradap, Nippa Srinark and Jariya Waisayarat

Cytokeratin7 and cytokeratin19 expression in high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasm and squamous cell carcinoma and their possible association in cervical carcinogenesis

High risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) infects cells at the squamocolumnar junction (SCJ) of the cervix, causing cancer. Cytokeratin (CK)7 is an SCJ marker, and stains cervical neoplasia. CK19 is a binding pa...

Authors: Hojung Lee, Hyekyung Lee and Yong Kyun Cho

Loss of chromosome 13 material in cellular angiofibromas indicates pathogenetic similarity with spindle cell lipomas

Cellular angiofibroma is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm with morphological and immunohistochemical similarities to spindle cell lipoma. Karyotypic information on cellular angiofibroma is restricted to one ...

Authors: Ioannis Panagopoulos, Ludmila Gorunova, Bodil Bjerkehagen, Kristin Andersen, Marius Lund-Iversen and Sverre Heim

TP53 mutation-mediated genomic instability induces the evolution of chemoresistance and recurrence in epithelial ovarian cancer

Genomic instability caused by mutation of the checkpoint molecule TP53 may endow cancer cells with the ability to undergo genomic evolution to survive stress and treatment. We attempted to gain insight into the p...

Authors: Meiying Zhang, Guanglei Zhuang, Xiangjun Sun, Yanying Shen, Wenjing Wang, Qing Li and Wen Di

An unusual case of Epstein-Barr virus-positive large B-cell lymphoma lacking various B-cell markers

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with B-cell lymphoma in various conditions, such as immunodeficiency and chronic inflammation. We report an unusual case of EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DL...

Authors: Shin-ichi Nakatsuka, Chikao Yutani, Masako Kurashige, Masaharu Kohara, Teruaki Nagano, Takayoshi Goto, Hiroyuki Takatsuka, Hidetaka Ifuku and Eiichi Morii

SESN2 correlates with advantageous prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

SESN2 plays important roles in the regulation of cell survival, cell protection, and tumor suppression. However, the relationship between SESN2 expression and the clinicopathological attributes of hepatocellul...

Authors: Shaosen Chen, Weigang Yan, Weiya Lang, Jing Yu, Li Xu, Xinyu Xu, Yunlong Liu and Hongguang Bao

Anastomosing hemangioma: report of two renal cases and analysis of the literature

Anastomosing hemangioma (AH) is a very rare vascular tumor mimicking angiosarcoma, predominately observed in kidney and less frequently in other organs. We present two new renal cases of AH at opposite ends of...

Authors: Marina Perdiki, Galateia Datseri, George Liapis, Nikolaos Chondros, Ioannis Anastasiou, Maria Tzardi, Johanna K. Delladetsima and Elias Drakos

ADAR1 overexpression is associated with cervical cancer progression and angiogenesis

This study aimed to assess the role of RNA-dependent adenosine deaminase (ADAR1) in cervical squamous cell carcinoma occurrence and progression.

Authors: Ying Chen, He Wang, Wenyi Lin and Ping Shuai

A primary pure pancreatic-type acinar cell carcinoma of the stomach: a case report

Acinar cell carcinoma represents only 1–2% of exocrine pancreatic neoplasms. On exceptionally rare occasions, primary acinar cell carcinoma can occur in ectopic locations. Herein, we report a case of pure panc...

Authors: Kyoung Min Kim, Chan Young Kim, Seung-Mo Hong and Kyu Yun Jang

Epithelioid schwannoma of the skin displaying unique histopathological features: a teaching case giving rise to diagnostic difficulties on a morphological examination of a resected specimen, with a brief literature review

Epithelioid schwannoma as a rare variant poses a challenge to all pathologists, as this uncommon entity is extremely difficult to conclusively diagnose by morphological analyses on a resected sample alone owin...

Authors: Sohsuke Yamada, Mari Kirishima, Tsubasa Hiraki, Michiyo Higashi, Kazuhito Hatanaka and Akihide Tanimoto

An unusual combined thymic carcinoma composed of squamous cell carcinoma and type AB thymoma: a rare case report

Combined thymic carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm of the thymus recently added to the 4th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart. It invol...

Authors: Yufeng Jiang, Yang Liu, Xiuying Shi, Xiaoyun Mao, Yang Zhao and Chuifeng Fan

Clinicopathological study of 9 cases of prostate cancer involving the rectal wall

Prostate cancer involving the rectal wall is rare and may lead to diagnostic pitfalls.

Authors: Tao Tang, Zhengduo Yang, Dan Zhang, Jie Qu, Guang Liu and Shiwu Zhang

Immunohistochemical features of giant cell ependymoma of the filum terminale with unusual clinical and radiological presentation

Giant cell ependymoma of the filum terminale is a rare variant, generally manifested as a well-circunscribed intradural mass with an indolent biological behavior.

Authors: Fernando Candanedo-Gonzalez, Cindy Sharon Ortiz-Arce, Samuel Rosales-Perez, Ana Lilia Remirez-Castellanos, Candelaria Cordova-Uscanga and Armando Gamboa-Dominguez